What Goes Wrong With Brakes?
There are a few parts of your brakes that can have issues; however, the pads and rotors are the two most common. The brake pads sit on either side of the rotor and squeeze the rotor when pressure is applied to the brake pedal. When pressure is applied, hydraulic fluid pushes on hydraulic pistons housed inside a brake caliper.
Brake pads are designed to wear over time. They are made from a material that is sticky but allows for slipping while also being resistant to heat. This material naturally wears away during use, and the pads need to be replaced occasionally.
Brake rotors are the parts that spin with the axle and tire. They are most commonly steel; however, high-end cars may have exotic materials for the rotor. Like the pads, the rotors do wear over time. They can also warp, losing their flatness due to excessive heat, often caused by riding the brakes.
Brake calipers can crack, and pistons can seize, but that is rare compared to parts simply wearing out.